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Black Saints
in a
White Church:

Contemporary African American Mormons

Jessie L. Embry

Signature Books
Salt Lake City
© 1994

Table of Contents

Acknowledgments
Introduction

1. Black Churches in America
2. The LDS Church and African-Americans
3. Impact of the LDS "Negro Policy"
4. The Oral History Project and Survey
5. Religious Commitment
6. Cultural Interaction
7. Public Acceptance
8. Social Acceptance
9. Organizational Issues
10. Within The Black Community
11. The LDS African-Americans

Appenix
Selected Readings
Cover

Selected Readings
AMERICAN RELIGIONS

Adams, John A., Jr. The Black Pulpit Revolution in the United Methodist Church and Other Denominations. Chicago: Strugglers' Community Press, 1985.

Ahlstrom, Sydney E. A Religious History of the American People. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1972.

Carroll, Jackson W., Douglas W.Johnson, Martin E. Marty. Religion in America, 1950 to the Present. San Francisco: Harper and Row, Publishers, 1979.

Dolan, Jay P. The American Catholic Experience: A History from Colonial Times to the Present. Garden City, NY: Doubleday and Company, 1985.

Greeley, Andrew M. Religious Change in America. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1989.

Hoge, Dean R. and David A. Roozen, eds. Understanding Church Growth and Decline, 1950-1978. New York: Pilgrim Press, 1970.

Launius, Roger D. Invisible Saints: A History of Black Americans in the Reorganized Church. Independence, MO: Herald Publishing House, 1988.

Lincoln, C. Eric and Lawrence H. Mamiya. The Black Church in the African American Experience. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 1990.

Liptak, Delore. Immigrants and Their Church. New York: MacMillan Publishing Company, 1989.

Marty, Martin E. Modern American Religion, Volume 1: The Irony of It All,1893-1991. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1986.

__________. A Nation of Behavers. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1976.

Mays, Benjamin E. "The Black Experience and Perspective." American Religious Values and the Future of America, Rodger Van Allen, ed. Philadelphia: Fortress Press, 1978.

Ochs, Stephen J. Desegregating the Altar: The Josephites and the Struggle for Black Priests, 1871-1960. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1990.

Roof, Wade Clark and William McKinney. American Mainline Religion: Its Changing Shape and Future. New Brunswick: Rutgers Press, 1987.

Schaefer, Richard T. Racial and Ethnic Groups. Boston: Little, Brown, and Company, 1979.

Stark, Rodney and Charles Y. Glock. American Piety: The Nature of Religious Commitment. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1970.

LDS CHURCH HISTORY AND BELIEFS

Albrecht, Stan L. "The Consequential Dimension of Mormon Religiosity." Brigham Young University Studies 29 (Spring 1989).

__________ and Tim B. Heaton, "Secularization, Higher Education, and Religiosity." Review of Religious Research 26 (Sept. 1984): 43-58.

Alexander, Thomas G. Mormonism in Transition: A History of the Latter-day Saints, 1890-1930. Urbana: University of Illinois, 1986.

Allen, James B. and Glen M. Leonard. The Story of the Latter-day Saints. Salt Lake City: Deseret Book Company, 1976.

Arrington, Leonard J. and Davis Bitton. The Mormon Experience: A History of the Latter-day Saints. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1979.

Brugger, Don L. "Climate for Change·" Ensign 23 (Sept. 1993): 24-28.

Cornwall, Marie et al. "The Dimensions of Religiosity: A Conceptual Model with an Empirical Test·" Review of Religious Research 27 (Mar. 1986).

Embry, Jessie L. "Ethnic Groups in the LDS Church." Dialogue: A Journal of Mormon Thought 25 (Winter 1992).

__________. "Little Berlin: Swiss Saints of the Logan Tenth Ward." Utah Historical Quarterly 56 (Summer 1988): 222-35. Florence, Giles H., Jr. "City of Angels." Ensign 22 (Sept. 1992).

Foster, Lawrence· Religion and Sexuality: The Shakers, the Mormons, and the Oneida Community. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1984.

Hansen, Klaus J. Mormonism and the American Experience. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1981.

Jensen, Richard L. "Mother Tongue: Use of Non-English Languages in the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, 1850-1983." New Views of Mormon History: A Collection of Essays in Honor of Leonard J. Arrington, Davis Bitton and Maureen Ursenbach Beecher, eds. Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press, 1987, 273-303.

Kimball, Edward L., ed. The Teachings of Spencer W. Kimball. Salt Lake City: Bookcraft, 1982.

Kimball, Spencer W. "The Evil of Intolerance." Improvement Era 57 (June 1954): 423-24.

Mann, Ronald M. "Philadelphia, the Seedbed of a Nation." Ensign 23 (Aug. 1993): 76-77.

McConkie, Bruce R. Mormon Doctrine. Salt Lake City: Bookcraft, 1966.

Mulder, William. Homeward to Zion: The Mormon Migration from Scandinavia. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1957.

O'Dea, Thomas F. The Mormons. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1957.

Shipps, Jan. "In the Presence of the Past: Continuity and Change in the Twentieth-Century Mormonism·" After 150 Years: The Latter-day Saints in Sesquicentennial Perspective, Thomas G. Alexander and Jessie L. Embry, eds. Provo, UT: Charles Redd Center for Western Studies, 1983.

Whittaker, David J. "Mormons and Native Americans: A Historical and Bibliographical Introduction." Dialogue: A Journal of Mormon Thought 18 (Winter 1985): 33-64.

LDS CHURCH AND BLACKS

Allen, James B. "Would-Be Saints: West Africa before the 1978 Priesthood Revelation." Journal of Mormon History 17 (1991): 207-47.

Bringhurst, Newell G. Saints, Slaves, and Blacks: The Changing Place of Black People Within Mormonism. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1981.

Bush, Lester E., Jr., and Armand L. Mauss, eds. Neither White Nor Black: Mormon Scholars Confront the Race Issue in a Universal Church. Midvale, UT: Signature Books, 1984.

Carter, Kate B. The Story of the Negro Pioneer.

Cherry, Alan Gerald. It's You and Me, Lord! Provo, UT: Trilogy Arts Publica, 1970.

Ebony Rose. Special Collections, Harold B. Lee Library, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah.

Embry, Jessie L. "Separate but Equal?: Black Branches, Genesis Groups, or Integrated Wards." Dialogue: A Journal of Mormon Thought 23 (Spring 1990).

Grover, Mark L. "The Mormon Priesthood Revelation and the Sao Paulo, Brazil Temple." Dialogue: A Journal of Mormon Thought 23 (Spring 1990).

Hartley, William G. "Samuel D. Chambers." New Era 4 (June 1974): 47-50.

Let's Talk. LDS Church Library, Historical Department, Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Salt Lake City, Utah.

Mauss, Armand. "The Fading of the Pharaoh's Curse: The Decline and Fall of the Priesthood Restriction Ban Against Blacks in the Mormon Church" Dialogue: A Journal of Mormon Thought 14 (Autumn 1981): 41.

__________. "Mormonism and Secular Attitudes Toward Negroes." Pacific Socio Review 8 (Fall 1966).

McConkie, Bruce R. "All Are Alike unto God," an address to a Book of Mormon Symposium for Seminary and Institute teachers, Brigham Young University, 18 Aug. 1978.

__________. "The New Revelation on Priesthood." Priesthood. Salt Lake City: Deseret Book Company, 1981.

Newell, Linda King and Valeen Tippetts Avery. "Jane Manning James." Ensign 9 (Aug. 1979): 26-29.

Olsen, Peggy. "Ruffin Bridgeforth: Leader and Father to Mormon Blacks." This People I (Winter 1980): 15-16.

Shipps, Jan. "The Mormons: Looking Forward and Outward." The Christian Century, 16-23 Aug. 1978, 762.

Stokes, Catherine M. "'Plenty Good Room' in Relief Society." Dialogue: A Journal of Mormon Thought 21 (Winter 1988).

Sturlaugson, Mary Frances. A Soul So Rebellious. Salt Lake City: Deseret Book Company, 1981.

Wolfinger, Henry J. "A Test of Faith: Jane Manning James and the Origins of the Utah Black Community." Social Accommodations in Utah. Salt Lake City: American West Center Occasional Papers, University of Utah, 1975.